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Tortoise

What can a tortoise eat?

11 foods checked against vets’ sources: what’s fine, what only now and then, and what never.

Every day

Mostly pesticide-free wild weeds and flowers: dandelion, clover, plantain, chickweed, sow thistle, white dead-nettle. Very little fruit; no peas or green beans (too much protein), no cabbage, broccoli or spinach; no lettuce. Calcium: cuttlebone grated over the food; vitamin and mineral powder on the food 2–3 times a week (the RSPCA says a light sprinkle every day). Clean water at all times, in a shallow dish.

Its full care sheet

Never

Cabbage, broccoli and kaleNo

They stop the tortoise absorbing calcium properly, which it needs for its shell and bones.

Source: Tortoise Protection Group: Hermann’s tortoise care sheet (2014)

Fruit (including strawberries and tomatoes)No

It upsets the gut and causes loose droppings: best not to give it.

Source: Tortoise Protection Group: Spur-thighed tortoise care sheet (2014)

Lettuce (especially iceberg)No

It's almost all water: it provides very little nutrition.

Source: RSPCA: Mediterranean tortoises: care sheet

Meat and dog or cat foodNo

Tortoises eat plants: too much protein makes them ill, especially when young.

Source: British Chelonia Group: Caresheet for Mediterranean tortoises

Peas and green beansNo

They're too high in protein for a tortoise: they can harm it, especially when young.

Source: RSPCA: Mediterranean tortoises: care sheet

Spinach and chardNo

They're high in oxalates, which bind calcium and stop it being absorbed.

Source: Tortoise Protection Group: Hermann’s tortoise care sheet (2014)

Tortoise pelletsNo

The TPG advises against them: they're too high in protein and nothing like what a tortoise would eat in the wild.

Source: Tortoise Protection Group: Hermann’s tortoise care sheet (2014)

Fine

Cuttlefish boneYes

It provides calcium and helps keep the beak trimmed.

How much: Always available; the RSPCA also suggests grating a little onto the food.

Source: Tortoise Protection Group: Hermann’s tortoise care sheet (2014)

Flowers (hibiscus, nasturtium, campanula, rose)Yes

Many garden flowers make excellent food: hibiscus is a favourite.

Source: Tortoise Protection Group: Hermann’s tortoise care sheet (2014)

Grape and mulberry leavesYes

The leaves (not the fruit) are among the foods Hermann's tortoises enjoy.

Source: Tortoise Protection Group: Hermann’s tortoise care sheet (2014)

Wild weeds (dandelion, clover, plantain, chickweed, sow thistle)Yes

They're its real food: plenty of fibre, minerals and vitamins, little protein and fat. As much variety as possible, picked where no weedkillers are used.

How much: Young tortoises daily, adults every other day (RSPCA); for hatchlings, about as much as would cover the shell (TPG).

Source: RSPCA: Mediterranean tortoises: care sheet

Did it eat something from the “Never” list? Call your vet, even if it seems fine: signs can take hours to show.

What other pets can eat

Rabbit Guinea pig Hamster Pet rat Ferret Canary Budgies Cockatiel Lovebirds Red-eared slider Leopard gecko Bearded dragon Goldfish Betta fish Dogs and cats: can my pet eat it?

Sources